SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    312881, 312873, 312841, 312842, 312847, 
    312848, 312840, 312846, 312838, 312839, 
    312854, 312876, 312843, 312845, 312837, 
    312855, 312834, 312864, 312852, 312853, 
    312851, 312866, 312844, 312867, 312862, 
    312833, 312835, 312856, 312857, 312859, 
    312860, 312861, 312872, 312869, 312858, 
    312863, 312879, 312875, 312878, 312836, 
    312880, 312865, 312874, 312868, 312849, 
    312850, 312877
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ar'

Query time 0.00054

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.08251425,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 47,
          "cost": 0.08251425,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (312881,312873,312841,312842,312847,312848,312840,312846,312838,312839,312854,312876,312843,312845,312837,312855,312834,312864,312852,312853,312851,312866,312844,312867,312862,312833,312835,312856,312857,312859,312860,312861,312872,312869,312858,312863,312879,312875,312878,312836,312880,312865,312874,312868,312849,312850,312877) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'ar'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description unit_name
312833
312834
312835
312836
312837
312838
312839
312840
312841
312842
312843
312844
312845
312846
312847
312848
312849
312850
312851
312852
312853
312854
312855
312856
312857
312858
312859
312860
312861
312862
312863
312864
312865
312866
312867
312868
312869
312872
312873
312874
312875
312876
312877
312878
312879
312880
312881