SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.unit_name 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    312881, 312873, 312841, 312842, 312847, 
    312848, 312840, 312846, 312838, 312839, 
    312854, 312876, 312843, 312845, 312837, 
    312855, 312834, 312864, 312852, 312853, 
    312851, 312866, 312844, 312867
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00050

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.04252208,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 24,
          "cost": 0.04252208,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (312881,312873,312841,312842,312847,312848,312840,312846,312838,312839,312854,312876,312843,312845,312837,312855,312834,312864,312852,312853,312851,312866,312844,312867) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}