SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    420919, 413105, 439177, 437268, 442349, 
    405994, 437380, 442173, 413775, 412957, 
    452843, 424041
  )

Query time 0.00036

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.0216566,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_products",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 12,
          "cost": 0.0216566,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (420919,413105,439177,437268,442349,405994,437380,442173,413775,412957,452843,424041)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}