SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    415021, 414349, 430686, 451899, 423535, 
    431133, 406624, 460023, 459938, 403250, 
    403839, 442555
  )

Query time 0.00056

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.0216566,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_products",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 12,
          "cost": 0.0216566,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (415021,414349,430686,451899,423535,431133,406624,460023,459938,403250,403839,442555)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}